Tenses Chart & Table

The table below shows a chart of tenses in English. The structure and example of each tense is also given to construct the grammatically correct sentence.

Tenses	Structure / Formula	Examples
Simple Past Affirmative	S+V2+…	He read a book yesterday.
Simple Past Negative	S+Did+not+V1+…	He did not read a book yesterday.
Simple Past Questions	Did+S+V1+…+?	Did he read a book yesterday?
Simple Present Affirmative	S+V1+‘s’ or ‘es’+ …	He reads a book daily.
Simple Present Negative	S+Do/Does+not+V1+…	He does not read a book daily.
Simple Present Questions	Do/Does+S+V1+…+?	Does he read a book daily?
Simple Future Affirmative	Will/Shall+V1+…	He will read a book tomorrow.
Simple Future Negative	S+Will/Shall+not+V1+…	He will not read a book tomorrow.
Simple Future Questions	Will/Shall+S+V1+…+?	Will he read a book tomorrow?
Past Progressive Affirmative	S+was/were + (V1+ ‘ing’)+…	He was reading a book yesterday.
Past Progressive Negative	S+was/were + not+ (V1+ ‘ing’)+…	He was not reading a book yesterday.
Past Progressive Question	Was/were+S+ (V1+ ‘ing’)+…+?	Was he reading a book yesterday?
Present Progressive Affirmative	S+is/am/are + (V1+ ‘ing’)+…	He is reading a book.
Present Progressive Negative	S+is/am/are + not+ (V1+ ‘ing’)+…	He is not reading a book.
Present Progressive Question	Is/am/are +S+ (V1+ ‘ing’)+…+?	Is he reading a book?
Future Progressive Affirmative	S+Will/Shall+ be+ (V1+’ing’)+…	He will be reading a book tomorrow.
Future Progressive Negative	S+Will/Shall + not+ be+(V1+’ing’)+…	He will not be reading a book tomorrow.
Future Progressive Question	Will/Shall+S+ be+(V1+’ing’)+…+?	Will he be reading a book tomorrow?
Past Perfect Affirmative	S+Had + V3+…	He had read a book.
Past Perfect Negative	S+Had+not+V3+…	He had not read a book.
Past Perfect Question	Had+S+V3+…+?	Had he read a book?
Present Perfect Affirmative	S+has/have+V3+…	He has read a book.
Present Perfect Negative	S+Has/have+not+V3+…	He has not read a book.
Present Perfect Question	Has/have+S+V3+…+?	Has he read a book?
Future Perfect Affirmative	S+Will/Shall have +V3+…	He will have read a book.
Future Perfect Negative	S+Will/Shall+not+ have +V3+…	He will not have read a book.
Future Perfect Question	Will/Shall+S+have +V3+…+?	Will he have read a book?
Past Perfect Progressive Affirmative	S+had+been + (V1+ing)+…	He had been reading a book since morning.
Past Perfect Progressive Negative	S+had+not+been +(V1+ing)+…	He had not been reading a book since morning.
Past Perfect Progressive Question	Had +S+been+ (V1+ing)+…+?	Had he been reading a book since morning?
Present Perfect Progressive Affirmative	S+has/have+been+ (V1+ing)+…	He has been reading a book since morning.
Present Perfect Progressive Negative	S+has/have +not+ been + (V1+ing)+…	He has not been reading a book since morning.
Present Perfect Progressive Question	Has/have+S+been + (V1+ing)+…+?	Has he been reading a book since morning?
Future Perfect Progressive Affirmative	S+will/shall have + been+(V1+ing)+…	He will have been reading a book since morning.
Future Perfect Progressive Negative	S+will/shall+not+have +been+(V1+ing)+…	He will not have been reading a book since morning.
Future Perfect Progressive Question	Will/shall+S+have+ been+(V1+ing)+…+?	Will he have been reading a book since morning?